Acknowledgment and thanks for permission to use the following selections are herewith tendered to Houghton, Mifflin & Company, Boston, for “Looking Backward,” by Edward Bellamy; to Ginn & Company, Boston, for the International School of Peace, for “The Future of War,” by Jean Bloch; and to Doubleday, Page & Company, New York, for “Progress and Poverty,” by Henry George.

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was born on August 27, 1770, at Stuttgart, the capital of Würtemburg, in which state his father occupied a humble position in government service. He was educated at Tübingen for the ministry, and while there was, in private, a diligent student of Kant and Rousseau.

In 1805 he was Professor Extraordinarius at the University of Jena, and in 1807 he gave the world the first of his great works, the “Phenomenology.” It was not until 1816 that Hegel’s growing fame as a writer secured for him a professorship at Heidelberg, but, after two years, he exchanged it for one at Berlin, where he remained until his death on November 14, 1831. On October 22, 1818, he began his famous lectures. “Our business and vocation,” he remarked to his listeners, “is to cherish the philosophical development of the substantial foundation which has renewed its youth and increased its strength.” Although the lectures on the “Philosophy of History” and on the “Philosophy of Religion” (Vol. XIII) were delivered during this period, they were not published until a year after his death, when his collected works were issued.