Learning, like intelligence, covers such a broad range of processes that it is difficult to define precisely. A dictionary definition includes phrases such as “to gain knowledge, or understanding of, or skill in, by study, instruction, or experience,” and “modification of a behavioral tendency by experience.” Zoologists and psychologists study learning in animals and humans. […]

Machine learning is a relatively recent discipline that emerged from the general field of artificial intelligence only quite recently. To build intelligent machines researchers realized that these machines should learn from and adapt to their environment. It is simply too costly and impractical to design intelligent systems by first gathering all the expert knowledge ourselves […]